![\"\"](\"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/img_led1.jpg\")
<\/p>\nLED (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Light Emitting Diode, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 diode ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c diode ph\u00e1t quang[7]) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c diode c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng
\nhay tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 diode, LED \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i+<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H. J. Round ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907 \u1edf ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Marconi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng 1 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0
\ntinh th\u1ec3 Silicon carbide (SiC). Oleg Vladimirovich Losev, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra LED
\ntr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc Nga, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Anh. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a trong m\u1ea5y th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. Rubin Braunstein, c\u00f4ng ty Radio
\nCorporation of America, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t GaAs v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1955. Braunstein \u0111\u00e3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m
\ntr\u00ean c\u00e1c diode GaSb, GaAs, indium phosphide (InP), v\u00e0 silicon-germanium (SiGe) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u1edf 77 \u0111\u1ed9 K.N\u0103m 1961, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m
\nng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Robert Biard v\u00e0 Gary Pittman,l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Texas Instruments, c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n GaAs ph\u00e1t ra tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i khi c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n
\nch\u1ea1y qua v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh LED h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i.[8]<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/img_led2.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
LED \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i LED \u0111\u1ecf, do Nick Holonyak, Jr. ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1962 khi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho LED \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho \u0111\u00e8n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e8n d\u00e2y t\u00f3c, neon v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3y \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb NGU\u1ed2N WIKI PEDIA<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H. J. Round ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907 LED \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i LED \u0111\u1ecf,
\nGeneral Electric Syracuse, New York.[9] Holonyak \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y trong l\u00e1 th\u01b0 \u00f4ng g\u1edfi cho t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Applied Physics
\nLetters v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 01-12-1962.[16] Holonyak \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a LED.[17] M. George Craford,[18], m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc
\nHolonyak, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra LED v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng l\u00ean 10 l\u1ea7n cho LED \u0111\u1ecf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 LED \u0111\u1ecf-cam v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972.[19]
\nV\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, T. P. Pearsall l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra LED c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao cho c\u00e1p quang nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u
\nb\u00e1n d\u1eabn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t ra s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1p quang.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/img_led3.jpg\")
\nm\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tivi, radio, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1968,
\nLED c\u1ef1c k\u00ec \u0111\u1eaft, c\u1ee1 200 \u0111\u00f4la M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u0103m 1968, C\u00f4ng ty Monsanto l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t LED h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u00f9ng
\ngali asen phosphor (GaAsP). N\u0103m n\u00e0y, Hewlett Packard c\u0169ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u LED l\u00e0m t\u1eeb GaAsP do c\u00f4ng ty Monsanto cung c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c LED n\u00e0y
\nl\u00e0 LED \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a \u0111i k\u00e8m tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e8n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb.
\nTh\u1eddi gian sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec LED v\u00e0ng, cam.c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. N\u0103m 1970, LED th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi c\u00f4ng ty Fairchild
\nSemiconductor b\u00e1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 5 xu M\u1ef9 cho m\u1ed7i b\u00f3ng LED. C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng quy tr\u00ecnh Planar do ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Jean Hoerni
\nph\u00e1t minh khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa quy tr\u00ecnh Planar v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i gi\u00fap nh\u00f3m tr\u01b0\u1edfng Thomas Brandt c\u1ee7a
\nc\u00f4ng ty Fairchild \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t
\nLED hi\u1ec7n nay.m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LED c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea7m tay TI-30 (ca. 1978), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u
\ncho LED \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.
\nVi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n LED tr\u1eafng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e8n d\u00e2y t\u00f3c, \u0111\u00e8n hu\u1ef3nh quang. LED ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0
\nc\u1ee1 5mm T1\u00be v\u00e0 3mm T1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn n\u00ean c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c
\nc\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t. LED c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec nh
\nc\u00e1c LED th\u1eddi ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
\n\u1edf ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Marconi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng 1 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 Silicon carbide (SiC).
\nOleg Vladimirovich Losev, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra LED
\ntr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc Nga, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Anh. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a trong m\u1ea5y th\u1eadp
\nk\u1ef7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. Rubin Braunstein, c\u00f4ng ty Radio Corporation of America, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1
\nh\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t GaAs v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1955. Braunstein \u0111\u00e3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m
\n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c diode GaSb, GaAs, indium phosphide (InP), v\u00e0 silicon-germanium (SiGe) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t
\n \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u1edf 77 \u0111\u1ed9 K.N\u0103m 1961, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Robert Biard v\u00e0 Gary Pittman,
\n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Texas Instruments, c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n GaAs ph\u00e1t ra tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i khi c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n
\nch\u1ea1y qua v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh LED h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i.[8]<\/p>\n
\ndo Nick Holonyak, Jr. ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1962 khi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho General Electric
\n\u1edf Syracuse, New York.[9] Holonyak \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y trong l\u00e1
\nth\u01b0 \u00f4ng g\u1edfi cho t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Applied Physics Letters v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 01-12-1962.
\n[16] Holonyak \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a LED.[17] M. George Craford,[18],
\nm\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc Holonyak, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra LED v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3
\nc\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng l\u00ean 10 l\u1ea7n cho LED \u0111\u1ecf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 LED \u0111\u1ecf-cam v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972.[19]
\nV\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, T. P. Pearsall l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra LED c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao
\ncho c\u00e1p quang nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t
\nra s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1p quang.[20<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":281,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions\/281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo8.thuythu.com\/noithatfresh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}